Kinda surprised no one’s mentioned causal inference yet! The meaning of proxied by in math is huge there.
It’s not just substitution—it’s about finding a variable that preserves the relationship you care about. Like, using years of schooling as a proxy for "education" in a study.
If you’re into this, check out "The Book of Why" by Pearl. Super readable.
It’s not just substitution—it’s about finding a variable that preserves the relationship you care about. Like, using years of schooling as a proxy for "education" in a study.
If you’re into this, check out "The Book of Why" by Pearl. Super readable.